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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
903
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

348
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
348
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

987
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

330
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
330

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Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip
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Mechanical Unloading in Heart Failure.

Nir Uriel1, Gabriel Sayer1, Shiva Annamalai2

  • 1Section of Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|July 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cardiac unloading, using mechanical circulatory support, helps prevent and reverse heart failure by reducing ventricular pressure. This approach limits infarct size in acute myocardial infarction and improves function in chronic heart failure.

Keywords:
LVADacute myocardial infarctionhemodynamicsmechanical circulatory supportremodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Heart Failure Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Myocardial injury causes ventricular remodeling and heart failure.
  • Ventricular unloading is a strategy to mitigate these effects.
  • Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are key to ventricular unloading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of left ventricular unloading in preventing and reversing cardiac remodeling.
  • To discuss the application of MCS in acute myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure.
  • To highlight ongoing research into MCS for myocardial recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on short-term and long-term ventricular unloading.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing mechanical circulatory support devices.
  • Examination of data from acute myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure settings.

Main Results:

  • Short-term unloading reduces oxygen demand and infarct size in acute myocardial infarction.
  • MCS can reverse cellular and anatomic changes in chronic heart failure.
  • Confirmatory trials for MCS in acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock are underway.

Conclusions:

  • Ventricular unloading with MCS is a promising strategy for managing myocardial injury.
  • MCS can prevent adverse remodeling in acute settings and reverse it in chronic heart failure.
  • Further research is evaluating MCS for myocardial recovery and heart failure remission.