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Related Experiment Video

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[Gemistocytic astrocytomas].

D E Matsko1, A A Zrelov2, A Yu Ulitin2

  • 1Polenov's neurosurgery institute - the branch of V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg Clinical Research Center Specialized Types of Medical Care, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg Medico-Social Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

Arkhiv Patologii
|July 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Gemistocytic astrocytomas (GA) have poorer survival than diffuse astrocytomas, despite similar WHO II grading. This review highlights differences and a case of malignant progression.

Keywords:
diffuse astrocytomagemistocytic astrocytomamolecular-genetic features

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gemistocytic astrocytomas (GA) are WHO grade II diffuse astrocytomas.
  • GA exhibit distinct clinical behavior and prognosis compared to other diffuse astrocytomas.
  • Current WHO classification (2016) often leads to undertreatment of GA.

Observation:

  • GA recurrence is common, frequently progressing to anaplastic astrocytoma (GIII) or glioblastoma (GIV).
  • Patients with GA demonstrate reduced progression-free and overall survival rates.
  • Significant differences exist in histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular profiles between GA and diffuse astrocytomas GII.

Findings:

  • A comprehensive review of literature from 1956-2017 reveals disparities in GA patient outcomes.
  • Analysis highlights unique histological and molecular characteristics of GA.
  • A clinical case illustrates the malignant transformation pathway from diffuse astrocytoma to GA (GIII) and secondary glioblastoma (GIV).

Implications:

  • Re-evaluation of GA's classification and treatment protocols is warranted.
  • Understanding GA's distinct biology may improve therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into molecular targets for GA is crucial for improved patient survival.