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Related Experiment Videos

Opioid-hallucinogen interactions.

E F Domino

    Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Opioid agonists and antagonists show complex interactions with hallucinogens like DMT and LSD in rats. Low doses of mu opioid agonists antagonized hallucinogen effects, while higher doses enhanced them, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychopharmacology
    • Behavioral Science

    Background:

    • Historically, opioids were used for mental disorders before neuroleptics.
    • Recent interest in endogenous opioid peptides has renewed research into opioid roles in mental states.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate opioid-hallucinogen interactions in a rat model.
    • To explore the effects of mu opioid agonists, antagonists, and enkephalin analogs on N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide-25 (LSD) induced behaviors.

    Main Methods:

    • Induced behavioral states in rats using DMT or LSD.
    • Administered mu opioid agonists, antagonists, and enkephalin analogs.
    • Utilized a positive reinforcement fixed ratio four (FR4) behavioral schedule to assess drug effects on bar pressing behavior.

    Main Results:

    • DMT disrupted FR4 bar pressing behavior in a dose-dependent manner.
    • Behaviorally ineffective doses of mu opioid agonists exhibited biphasic effects, antagonizing hallucinogens at low doses and enhancing them at higher doses.
    • (-)-Naloxone, a mu-kappa opioid antagonist, enhanced DMT and LSD effects, with stereospecific potentiation attributed to its antagonist action.

    Conclusions:

    • Opioid-hallucinogen interactions are complex and dose-dependent.
    • Mu opioid agonists and antagonists modulate hallucinogen-induced behaviors.
    • Further research is needed to understand these interactions across species, including humans.

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