Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
Published on: May 2, 2025
Comparison of Efficiency GEE and QIF Methods for Predicting Factors Affecting on Bipolar I Disorder Under
Zahra Geraili-Afra1, Alireza Abadi2, Jamshid Yazdani-Charati3
1Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Background:
Mood variation in manic and depression phases during time is common in type I of Bipolar disorder. Analyzing recurrence require to the related statistical methods. In this paper, we compare the two methods of estimating the GEE and the QIF in recurrence data.
Methods:
In this study, data of 255 patients with Bipolar I disorder hospitalized during years of 2007-2011. Recurrence in Bipolar I disorder was as outcome. Patients' characteristics were gender, age of onset, recurrence history in first degree family, and economic status. Under simulation, percentage of missing were generated to vary and handled by complete-case(cc) strategy. Data were analyzed using GEE and QIF methods. Performance of the methods was assessed using Relative Efficiency.
Results:
QIF method had more efficiency than GEE method in the data with missing /without missing. Odds of recurrence in a first-degree family history was 30% more than those without a family history (p=0.009). Also, odds of recurrence in high/moderate level of economic status was 23% more than low level status (p=0.014).
Conclusion:
QIF method was more appropriated for modeling recurrence during time with the structure of more correlation and low dropout rate in data. Family history and economic status were more affected recurrence in type I of Bipolar disorder.
Related Concept Videos
Bipolar Disorder
Longitudinal Research
Longitudinal Studies
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...
Bipolar Junction Transistor

