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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
Published on: May 6, 2014
Percutaneous Sampling of Local Biomolecule Gradients Across Coronary Artery Atherosclerotic Plaques
Nick E J West1, Joseph P Corrigan2, Richard H G Owen2
1Papworth Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
A percutaneous catheter device, the Liquid Biopsy System, was developed to sample the unstirred boundary layer of blood upstream and downstream of intact and disrupted human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Using multiplexed proximity extension assays, release of 20 biomolecules was simultaneously detected in samples taken across plaques before balloon angioplasty, including the soluble form of the endothelial lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor. Additional biomolecules, including matrix metalloproteinase-12, were released after plaque disruption with angioplasty. These experiments demonstrate the power of the Liquid Biopsy System to yield new scientific insights and its ultimate potential to generate new biomarkers and surrogate endpoints for clinical trials.
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What is an Electrochemical Gradient?
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...