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John F Drazan1, Omar T Abdoun1, Michael T Wassick1

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Researchers developed novel passive resonant sensors for smart implants. These simple, low-cost sensors measure force and pressure wirelessly, overcoming limitations of current technologies for personalized patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Smart implants offer personalized patient care but are limited by sensing technology size and cost.
  • Existing sensing methods often require complex on-sensor signal conditioning or telemetry, increasing size and expense.
  • Passive resonant sensors present a simpler, smaller, and more robust alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, simple, and passive sensing platform for smart implants.
  • To demonstrate the adaptability of this platform for measuring force and pressure.
  • To validate the sensor's performance against a predictive lumped parameter model.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of prototype sensors using two disconnected parallel Archimedean spiral coils and a solid dielectric layer.
  • Utilizing the shift in resonant frequency upon exposure to force or pressure for wireless measurement.
  • Comparison of experimental sensor data with predictions from a lumped parameter model.

Main Results:

  • The developed passive resonant sensors exhibited a linear response (R² > 0.91) to dynamic force and pressure changes.
  • Sensors demonstrated excellent sensitivity for both force and pressure measurements.
  • Experimental data showed high agreement with the lumped parameter model, within 13.3% for force and 6.2% for pressure.

Conclusions:

  • The novel passive sensing platform is adaptable for various applications by selecting appropriate dielectric materials.
  • These sensors offer a promising solution to overcome size and cost limitations in smart implant technology.
  • The wireless, passive nature of these sensors facilitates integration into clinical practice for personalized medicine.