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Related Concept Videos

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
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A New Approach to Treating Neurodegenerative Otologic Disorders.

Walter H Moos1,2, Douglas V Faller3,4, Ioannis P Glavas5

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

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|August 3, 2018
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Summary

New pharmaceutical interventions show promise for treating hearing loss, a common neurological disorder. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic pathways may offer effective therapies for this widespread condition.

Keywords:
carnitine estersepigeneticshearing losslipoic acidmitochondrial dysfunctionpharmaceutical

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hearing loss is a prevalent neurological disorder with significant global economic and personal costs.
  • Current treatments like hearing aids and cochlear implants do not restore lost function.
  • Preventative measures for noise-induced hearing loss are insufficient for age-related or disease-related causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes of hearing loss and explore novel therapeutic strategies.
  • To investigate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in auditory system damage.
  • To identify potential drug targets for preventing or treating hearing loss.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on hearing loss mechanisms and treatments.
  • Analysis of the role of mitochondrial function in neuronal and hair cell survival.
  • Exploration of signaling pathways (NF-κB, Nrf2) and epigenetic modulation (HDAC inhibition) as therapeutic targets.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key factor in the degeneration of auditory neurons and hair cells.
  • Targeting pathways involved in mitochondrial function and immune response shows therapeutic potential.
  • Antioxidants, such as lipoic acid and carnitine esters, demonstrate promise and possess histone deacetylase inhibitory activity.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmaceutical interventions targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic pathways offer a promising avenue for treating hearing loss.
  • Further research into HDAC inhibitors and other modulators of cellular energy and defense mechanisms is warranted.
  • Developing new drugs is crucial to address the growing global burden of hearing impairment.