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Published on: May 30, 2025
Non-coding RNAs: the riddle of the transcriptome and their perspectives in cancer
Marios A Diamantopoulos1, Panagiotis Tsiakanikas1, Andreas Scorilas1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Abstract:
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of RNA molecules in terms of biogenesis, biological function as well as length and structure. These biological molecules have gained attention recently as a potentially crucial layer of tumor cell progression or regulation. ncRNAs are expressed in a broad spectrum of tumors, and they play an important role not only in maintaining but also in promoting cancer development and progression. Recent discoveries have revealed that ncRNAs may act as key signal transduction mediators in tumor signaling pathways by interacting with RNA or proteins. These results reinforce the hypothesis, that ncRNAs constitute therapeutic targets, and point out their clinical potential as stratification markers. The major purpose of this review is to mention the emergence of the importance of ncRNAs, as molecules which are correlated with cancer, and to discuss their clinical implicit as prognostic diagnostic indicators, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.
Insights
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial in cancer development and progression. This review highlights their role as potential diagnostic indicators, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in oncology.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- RNA Biology
Background:
- Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of RNA molecules with emerging roles in cellular processes.
- These molecules are increasingly recognized for their involvement in tumor cell progression and regulation.
- ncRNAs are expressed across various cancers, influencing both cancer maintenance and advancement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the growing significance of ncRNAs in cancer.
- To discuss the clinical implications of ncRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic indicators.
- To explore the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent discoveries on ncRNAs in cancer.
- Analysis of ncRNA interactions with RNA and proteins in tumor signaling pathways.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding the clinical potential of ncRNAs.
Main Results:
- ncRNAs play a significant role in cancer development and progression.
- ncRNAs act as key mediators in tumor signaling pathways.
- ncRNAs show promise as therapeutic targets and stratification markers.
Conclusions:
- ncRNAs are critical molecules in the context of cancer.
- Their potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools warrants further investigation.
- Targeting ncRNAs may offer novel strategies for cancer management.
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