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Related Concept Videos

ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps01:30

ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps

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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
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ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

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The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
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Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Pumped Concrete01:13

Pumped Concrete

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Concrete in large quantities can be pumped across long distances for placing in inaccessible sites. This system comprises a hopper that receives concrete from a mixer, a pump to propel the concrete, and pipelines that facilitate its delivery.
For direct-acting pumps, the concrete enters the pump via the inlet valve under the action of gravity and suction created by the movement of the piston. This concrete is then forced into the pipeline and out through the outlet valve by the forward movement...
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Refrigerators and Heat Pumps01:07

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps

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Refrigerators or heat pumps are heat engines operating in a reverse direction. For a refrigerator, the focus is on removing heat from a specific area, whereas, for a heat pump, the focus is on dumping heat into one particular area. A refrigerator (or heat pump) absorbs heat Qc from the cold reservoir at Kelvin temperature Tc and discards heat Qh to the hot reservoir at Kelvin temperature Th, while work W is done on the engine’s working substance.
A household refrigerator removes heat from...
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Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

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Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
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Insulin Injection and Hemolymph Extraction to Measure Insulin Sensitivity in Adult Drosophila melanogaster
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Patch Pumps for Insulin.

Barry H Ginsberg1

  • 11 Diabetes Technology Consultants, Arlington, VA, USA.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|August 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New patch insulin pumps offer accurate, flexible, and cost-effective diabetes management. This review covers current and emerging patch pump technologies, including simplified and complex devices, controllers, and cybersecurity.

Keywords:
controllercybersecuritydiabetesdosinginsulininsulin deliveryinsulin pumppatch pumppumpsmartphones

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • The insulin delivery market is evolving with the introduction of new patch pump technologies.
  • These novel devices aim to provide more accurate and flexible insulin delivery solutions.
  • Increasingly, these technologies are becoming more affordable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review currently available insulin patch pump devices.
  • To discuss upcoming and emerging patch pump technologies.
  • To explore innovative approaches in insulin delivery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of simplified patch pump devices (V-Go, PAQ, One Touch Via).
  • Review of complex patch pump devices (Omnipod, Cellnovo, JewelPump, Solo, SFC Fluidics pump, Libertas, Medtronic pump, EOPatch).
  • Discussion of associated technologies like controllers, smartphones, and cybersecurity.

Main Results:

  • Several simplified and complex patch pump devices are currently available on the market.
  • New technologies promise enhanced accuracy, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness in insulin delivery.
  • Emerging devices and approaches are poised to further innovate the market.

Conclusions:

  • Patch pumps represent a significant and growing segment of the insulin delivery market.
  • Technological advancements are driving innovation towards more user-centric and efficient diabetes management.
  • Future developments will likely focus on integrated systems, improved usability, and robust cybersecurity.