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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
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Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

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The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
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Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces03:00

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces

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Intermolecular forces (IMF) are electrostatic attractions arising from charge-charge interactions between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular force is influenced by the distance of separation between molecules. The forces significantly affect the interactions in solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. In gases, IMFs become important only under high-pressure conditions (due to the proximity of gas molecules). Intermolecular forces dictate the physical properties of...
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Halogens03:01

Halogens

23.6K
Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group. 
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Enhanced Room-Temperature Phosphorescence through Intermolecular Halogen/Hydrogen Bonding.

Lu Xiao1,2, Hongbing Fu1,3,4

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|August 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Metal-free organic materials can achieve high-efficiency room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). This study reviews strategies like halogen/hydrogen bonding to enhance RTP in these materials.

Keywords:
halogen bondshydrogen bondsluminescencenoncovalent interactionsroom-temperature phosphorescence

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials offer unique properties beyond fluorescence.
  • Efficient RTP is rare in metal-free organic compounds, traditionally distinguishing them from organometallic/inorganic counterparts.
  • Recent research focuses on developing metal-free organic RTP materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss parameters influencing RTP efficiency in metal-free organic materials.
  • To review recent strategies employing intermolecular interactions (halogen/hydrogen bonding) for efficient RTP.
  • To outline future opportunities and challenges in designing and applying these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of intermolecular halogen- and hydrogen-bonding strategies.
  • Discussion of photophysical parameters affecting RTP efficiency.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in metal-free organic RTP materials.

Main Results:

  • Intermolecular interactions significantly impact the photophysical behavior of organic molecules.
  • Halogen- and hydrogen-bonding strategies have shown promise in achieving efficient RTP in metal-free systems.
  • Key parameters influencing RTP efficiency are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient room-temperature phosphorescence is achievable in metal-free organic materials.
  • Intermolecular interactions, particularly halogen/hydrogen bonding, are crucial for enhancing RTP.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and unlock the full potential of these materials.