Trends to store digital data in DNA: an overview.

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Data Science
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• Exponential growth in data generation necessitates advanced storage solutions.
• Traditional storage methods face limitations in capacity, longevity, and environmental resilience.
• Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is emerging as a promising medium for high-density, long-term data archiving.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and compare different methodologies for encoding digital information onto DNA.
• To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of DNA as a data storage medium.
• To explore the potential of DNA in cryptography and stenography for secure data transmission.

Main Methods:

• Exploration of various DNA synthesis and sequencing techniques for data writing and reading.
• Analysis of different encoding strategies to represent digital data in DNA sequences.
• Review of encryption and steganography methods applied to DNA data storage.

Main Results:

• DNA offers unparalleled storage density and exceptional long-term stability.
• Multiple methods for DNA data storage exist, each with unique trade-offs in cost, speed, and error rates.
• DNA-based cryptography and stenography present novel approaches to data security.

Conclusions:

• DNA data storage is a viable technology for archival purposes, offering significant advantages over conventional methods.
• Further research and development are needed to optimize efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance error correction in DNA data storage systems.
• The integration of DNA storage with cryptographic techniques opens new frontiers in secure information management.