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Simon effects in action sequences.

Claudia Braun1, Armin Kibele2

  • 1Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Kassel, Damaschkestraße 25, 34121, Kassel, Germany. cbraun@uni-kassel.de.

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This study reveals how stimulus-response compatibility influences action sequences. Spatial overlap affects reaction times in complex tasks, impacting action initiation and planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Motor Control
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • Daily actions often involve sequential movements.
  • Understanding cognitive control over action sequences is crucial.
  • The Simon task is a common paradigm for studying stimulus-response compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how stimulus-response compatibility affects the planning and execution of multi-element action sequences.
  • To determine the influence of spatial features within action sequences on performance.
  • To examine the role of planning constraints on Simon effects in sequential actions.

Main Methods:

  • Two Simon task experiments were conducted with 38 participants.
  • Participants performed action sequences (2-4 key presses) in response to spatial stimuli.
  • A no-go condition was implemented in Experiment 2 to separate planning and execution phases.

Main Results:

  • Simon effects were observed in reaction time for action sequences up to four elements long.
  • These effects were more pronounced when action planning was strictly separated from execution (no-go condition).
  • Simon effects in movement time were only found for two-element action sequences.

Conclusions:

  • Dimensional overlap between stimulus and action sequence spatial features impacts action initiation.
  • Cognitive processes underlying action planning are sensitive to stimulus-response compatibility, even in complex sequences.
  • The findings highlight the interplay between stimulus properties, response planning, and motor execution in sequential actions.