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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
Published on: May 29, 2018
Mysteries of bulk nanobubbles (ultrafine bubbles); stability and radical formation
Kyuichi Yasui1, Toru Tuziuti1, Wataru Kanematsu1
1National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8560, Japan.
Abstract:
There are two main mysteries in bulk nanobubbles which are cavitation nuclei. One is the mechanism of stability of a bulk nanobubble. The other is the problem whether OH radicals are produced from bulk nanobubbles without a dynamic stimulus. For the former problem, several proposed models are briefly reviewed. The dynamic equilibrium model is discussed in details that a bulk nanobubble is stabilized by a partial coverage of the bubble surface by a hydrophobic material. The TEM images of bulk nanobubbles seem to support the dynamic equilibrium model. For the latter problem, numerical simulations of dissolution of an air nanobubble are reviewed, which suggest that no OH radical is produced from a dissolving nanobubble. A possible role of H2O2 generated during bulk nanobubble production using hydrodynamic cavitation is briefly discussed in relation to the experimental results of "OH radical" detection.
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