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A lung squamous carcinoma patient with ROS1 rearrangement sensitive to crizotinib

Lixia Ju1, Mingquan Han2, Jinmei Su2

  • 1Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507 Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China. jvlixia@126.com.

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
|August 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This case report details an extremely rare instance of lung squamous cell carcinoma with ROS1 rearrangement. The patient showed high sensitivity to crizotinib, offering new treatment possibilities for this rare cancer subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • ROS1 rearrangements are predominantly found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adenocarcinoma.
  • ROS1 rearrangements are exceptionally rare in NSCLC squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Identifying actionable mutations in rare cancer subtypes is crucial for effective treatment.

Observation:

  • An 84-year-old Chinese woman was diagnosed with stage IIIB lung squamous cell carcinoma.
  • The patient presented with a large right middle lobe mass, pleural effusion, and enlarged mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes.
  • Genetic analysis revealed a ROS1 rearrangement in the tumor tissue.

Findings:

  • The patient's squamous cell carcinoma demonstrated high sensitivity to crizotinib, a targeted therapy typically used for ROS1-positive lung cancers.
  • This represents the first reported case of lung squamous cell carcinoma with a ROS1 rearrangement that is sensitive to crizotinib treatment.

Implications:

  • This finding challenges the current understanding of ROS1 rearrangements being exclusive to adenocarcinoma.
  • Highlights the potential benefit of ROS1 testing in non-small-cell lung cancer patients, including squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Suggests that crizotinib may be a viable first-line treatment option for select lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with ROS1 rearrangements, potentially improving overall survival.
Keywords:
CrizotinibLung squamous cell carcinomaROS1

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