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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Radiological Training
  • Emergency Response Simulation

Background:

  • Disaster City at Texas A&M University simulates disaster scenarios for emergency response training.
  • Unsealed radioactive sources can enhance realism in training for radioactive material dispersion incidents.
  • Limited public information exists on worldwide exercises using unsealed radioactive sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compile publicly available information on using unsealed radioactive sources in training.
  • To present a systematic process for selecting short-lived radionuclides for Disaster City exercises.
  • To identify suitable radionuclides for simulating realistic radioactive contamination scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of publicly available data on radionuclide use in training.
  • Expert consultations to gather additional information.
  • Evaluation of historically used and potentially producible short-lived radionuclides.

Main Results:

  • Seven radionuclides were identified as suitable for unsealed contamination exercises at Disaster City.
  • Technetium-99m (Tc) and Fluorine-18 (F) are suitable and commercially available.
  • Sodium-24 (Na), Manganese-56 (Mn), Copper-64 (Cu), Bromine-82 (Br), and Lanthanum-140 (La) can be produced at Texas A&M's TRIGA reactor.

Conclusions:

  • The selection process provides a framework for choosing appropriate radionuclides for training.
  • Tc and F offer readily available options for simulation.
  • On-site production via the TRIGA reactor expands the possibilities for diverse training scenarios.