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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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Autoimmune Responses in Severe Asthma.

Manali Mukherjee1, Parameswaran Nair2

  • 1Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
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Asthma and autoimmune diseases may share immune system dysregulation. Recent findings suggest autoantibodies contribute to severe asthma, challenging traditional views.

Keywords:
Autoantibodiesautoimmunitydanger associated molecular patternsdegranulationimmunoglobulin Gneutrophilssevere asthmasputumsputum eosinophils

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pathogenesis Research

Background:

  • Asthma and autoimmune diseases stem from immune system dysregulation.
  • Traditionally, asthma (Th2-driven) and autoimmunity (Th1-driven) were considered mutually exclusive.
  • Recent interest explores autoimmune involvement, especially in adult late-onset non-atopic asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for autoimmune responses in asthma.
  • To explore the potential role of autoantibodies in asthma pathogenesis.
  • To construct a possible autoimmune-associated mechanism contributing to asthma severity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported autoimmune responses in the lungs.
  • Analysis of evidence in the context of immunogenic tissue response.
  • Consideration of danger-associated molecular patterns in asthma.

Main Results:

  • Autoantibodies against various self-targets have been reported in asthma patients.
  • Evidence includes granulomas in lung biopsies and pathogenic sputum autoantibodies.
  • Some patients with airway autoantibodies show inadequate response to therapies like mepolizumab.

Conclusions:

  • The role of autoimmune mechanisms in asthma warrants re-evaluation.
  • Autoimmune responses may contribute to the pathomechanism of severe asthma.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the causality and therapeutic implications.