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Dietary inflammatory index and academic performance in children
Irene Esteban-Cornejo1, Jorge Mota2, Sandra Abreu2
11PROFITH 'PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity' Research Group,Department of Physical Education and Sport,Faculty of Sport Sciences,University of Granada,Ctra Alfacar s/n,18071Granada,Spain.
Objective:
The main aim of the present study was to examine the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and academic performance in children.
Design:
School-based cross-sectional study. The DII was calculated based on dietary information obtained from a single 24h dietary recall. Academic performance was assessed by school records provided by the administrative services (i.e. Maths and Language).
Setting:
Porto area (Portugal).
Subjects:
A total of 524 children (277 girls) aged 11·56 (sd 0·86) years.
Results:
The DII was associated with academic indicators (standardized β values ranging from -0·121 to -0·087; all P<0·05). Significant differences were found between quartiles of the DII (P<0·05); children in the fourth quartile had significantly lower scores in all academic indicators compared with children in the first quartile (score differences ranging from -0·377 to -0·292) after adjustment for potential confounders.
Conclusions:
The inflammatory potential of diet may negatively influence academic performance. Children should avoid the consumption of a pro-inflammatory diet and adhere to a more anti-inflammatory diet to achieve academic benefits.
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