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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Derivation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells
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Stem cell bioengineering: building from stem cell biology.

Mukul Tewary1,2, Nika Shakiba1, Peter W Zandstra3,4,5

  • 1Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) and The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research (CCBR), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell discoveries offer regenerative therapies, but implementation lags. Bioengineering can overcome challenges in stem cell fate and tissue development for advanced cellular therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Recent advances in stem cell biology have led to potentially transformative regenerative therapeutics.
  • Widespread clinical application of stem cell-derived therapeutics is hindered by implementation challenges.
  • A key barrier is the incomplete understanding of regulatory networks controlling stem cell fate and complex tissue development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how stem cell bioengineering can address challenges in regenerative medicine.
  • To advance the development of stem cell-derived therapeutics.
  • To bridge the gap between fundamental discoveries and clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing bioengineering tools, strategies, and design principles.
  • Applying these principles across different scales of stem cell systems, from gene regulatory networks to tissue and organ development.
  • Analyzing the systemic interactions within stem cell-derived constructs.

Main Results:

  • Stem cell bioengineering provides a framework to address complexities in regenerative medicine.
  • It offers solutions for understanding and manipulating gene regulatory networks governing stem cell fate.
  • It facilitates the development of complex tissues and organs necessary for restorative function.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell bioengineering is crucial for overcoming barriers in regenerative medicine.
  • It enables a deeper understanding of stem cell fate regulation for therapeutic development.
  • This approach advances the field of cellular therapies and regenerative medicine.