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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer
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Morphology Control Enables Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells.

Yuanpeng Xie1, Fan Yang2, Yuxiang Li3

  • 1School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Ternary organic solar cells achieve high performance by incorporating an amorphous fullerene acceptor. This improves morphology, leading to efficient charge transfer and a record power conversion efficiency of 13.4%.

Keywords:
ICBAmorphologynonfullerene acceptororganic solar cellsternary structure

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Ternary organic solar cells offer higher performance potential than binary systems.
  • Morphology control remains a key challenge in optimizing ternary organic solar cell efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of an amorphous fullerene acceptor on the morphology and performance of ternary organic solar cells.
  • To enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE) by optimizing blend morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of ternary organic solar cells using PBT1-C (donor), ITIC-2Cl (crystalline acceptor), and indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA, amorphous acceptor).
  • Analysis of blend morphology and charge transport properties.

Main Results:

  • ICBA incorporation disrupted π-π stacking of ITIC-2Cl, leading to more uniform ternary blend morphology.
  • Optimized blends showed efficient charge dissociation, reduced bimolecular recombination, and balanced charge carrier mobilities.
  • Achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% with a fill factor (FF) of 76.8%.

Conclusions:

  • Amorphous fullerene acceptors effectively optimize ternary blend morphology in organic solar cells.
  • This morphology control strategy significantly enhances solar cell performance, achieving record efficiencies.