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Classifying Matter by Composition

Classifying Matter by Composition

Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...

Classifying Matter by State

Classifying Matter by State

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars.

Acid Strength and Molecular Structure

Acid Strength and Molecular Structure

Binary Acids and Bases
In the absence of any leveling effect, the acid strength of binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals (A) increases as the H-A bond strength decreases down a group in the periodic table. For group 17, the order of increasing acidity is HF < HCl < HBr < HI. Likewise, for group 16, the order of increasing acid strength is H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te. Across a row in the periodic table, the acid strength of binary hydrogen compounds increases with increasing...

How Data are Classified: Numerical Data

How Data are Classified: Numerical Data

Data that are countable or measurable in specific units are called numerical or quantitative data. Quantitative data are always numbers. Quantitative data are the result of counting or measuring the attributes of a population. Amount of money, pulse rate, weight, number of people living in a town, and number of students who opt for statistics are examples of quantitative data.
Quantitative data may be either discrete or continuous. All quantitative data that take on only specific numerical...

Strength of Cement

Strength of Cement

Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...

Relation Between Tensile Strength and Compressive Strength of Concrete

Relation Between Tensile Strength and Compressive Strength of Concrete

Concrete is a fundamental building material, and understanding its strengths is crucial for construction projects. The relationship between its tensile and compressive strengths is intricate, showing that while these strengths are related, they do not increase at the same rate. Tensile strength's growth is slower and is affected by various factors such as the methods used for testing, the size and shape of the specimen, the texture of the aggregate used, and the moisture content of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Determining the Phagocytic Activity of Clinical Antibody Samples

Determining the Phagocytic Activity of Clinical Antibody Samples

Published on: November 30, 2011

Strength through Organization: Classifying Antibody Activity against EBOV.

M Anthony Moody¹

¹Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Cell Host & Microbe

|August 10, 2018

Summary

Researchers identified numerous monoclonal antibodies targeting Ebola virus (EBOV). These antibodies show a strong correlation between their activity and protection against EBOV infection in vivo.

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Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Determining the Phagocytic Activity of Clinical Antibody Samples

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Published on: November 30, 2011

Measuring the Strength of Mice

Measuring the Strength of Mice

Published on: June 2, 2013

Antibody-Free Assay for RNA Methyltransferase Activity Analysis

Antibody-Free Assay for RNA Methyltransferase Activity Analysis

Published on: July 9, 2019

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Ebola virus (EBOV) poses a significant global health threat.
Developing effective countermeasures against EBOV is a critical research priority.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize a comprehensive panel of monoclonal antibodies against EBOV.
To correlate the in vitro activity of these antibodies with their in vivo protective efficacy.

Main Methods:

Generation and screening of a large set of monoclonal antibodies targeting EBOV.
In vitro assays to assess antibody binding and neutralization.
In vivo studies to evaluate protection against EBOV challenge.

Main Results:

Identification of numerous monoclonal antibodies with potent activity against EBOV.
Demonstration of a significant correlation between antibody activity and protection in animal models.
Specific antibodies showed promising prophylactic or therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

Monoclonal antibodies represent a viable therapeutic strategy against EBOV.
The characterized antibodies provide valuable tools for EBOV research and potential clinical development.
Further investigation into the mechanisms of protection conferred by these antibodies is warranted.