Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Competition02:34

Competition

24.9K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
24.9K
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

2.1K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.1K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

942
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
942
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

1.5K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.5K
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

1.6K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.6K
Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

583
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
583

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Test delay and change awareness moderate retroactive and proactive memory effects.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same author

Reactivation during sleep segregates the neural representations of episodic memories.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Binding items to contexts through conjunctive neural representations with the method of loci.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A neural mechanism for online discovery of latent contexts.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Inducing Lucid Dreaming Based on a Contemplative Practice of Compassion.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

Depression symptoms are associated with affective neural processing during sleep and rest.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Chemogenetic disruption of the hippocampus impairs gustatory preconditioning in rats.

Neurobiology of learning and memory·2026
Same journal

Corrigendum to "Dynamic regulation of neuronal vault trafficking and RNA cargo by the noncoding RNA, Vaultrc5" [Neurobiol. Learn. Memory 225 (2026) 108161].

Neurobiology of learning and memory·2026
Same journal

Modeling the coexistence of NMDAR-dependent LTP and LTD mediated by changes in AMPAR conductance.

Neurobiology of learning and memory·2026
Same journal

No evidence for a protein-synthesis-dependent form of long-term fear memory: Translational inhibition and neural inactivation disrupt short- and long-term memory measures to the same degree.

Neurobiology of learning and memory·2026
Same journal

REM sleep fragmentation is associated with impaired configural threat learning.

Neurobiology of learning and memory·2026
Same journal

Trazodone reduces sign-tracking but not goal-tracking in male Sprague Dawley rats.

Neurobiology of learning and memory·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.6K

Competitive learning modulates memory consolidation during sleep.

James W Antony1, Larry Y Cheng2, Paula P Brooks1

  • 1Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
|August 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Memory competition during learning impacts sleep consolidation. Greater competition during learning leads to impaired memory recall during sleep, as shown by brain activity patterns.

Keywords:
CompetitionConsolidationOscillationsPrioritizationReactivationReward

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.6K
Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles
08:44

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

Published on: January 3, 2017

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.6K
Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.6K
Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles
08:44

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

Published on: January 3, 2017

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sleep Research
  • Memory Consolidation

Background:

  • Memory competition can weaken memory traces.
  • Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation.
  • Understanding how learning conditions affect sleep-dependent memory is important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate memory competition during sleep.
  • To examine how learning-induced competition modulates memory consolidation during sleep.
  • To correlate electrophysiological measures during sleep with memory outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Participants learned picture-location pairs with varying levels of learning competition (competitive vs. separate).
  • Auditory cues were presented during sleep to probe memory competition.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record brain activity (beta and sigma power) during sleep.
  • Spatial memory retention was assessed after sleep.

Main Results:

  • Cueing benefited spatial retention after separate-pair learning.
  • Cueing did not benefit, but impaired, retention after competitive-pair learning.
  • During sleep, beta power predicted forgetting, while sigma power predicted retention.

Conclusions:

  • Competition between memories during learning significantly affects their consolidation during sleep.
  • Sleep electrophysiology (beta and sigma power) can index memory competition and predict memory retention or forgetting.
  • Learning strategies influence the impact of sleep on memory.