Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

655
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
655
Biosynthesis in Bacteria01:24

Biosynthesis in Bacteria

688
Biosynthesis in bacteria is a fundamental anabolic process that generates essential macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are critical for cellular growth, replication, and function. The process is tightly regulated and energetically linked to catabolic pathways to ensure optimal resource utilization.Biosynthetic pathways begin with precursor metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and glucose-6-phosphate derived from glycolysis,...
688
Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

611
Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...
611
Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

1.1K
Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
1.1K
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

4.9K
 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
4.9K
Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

1.4K
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Preformulation Studies and Rational Design of an Ointment Containing a Postbiotic Metabolite of Procyanidins for Topical Use.

Pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Receptor Binding, Functional Activity, and Cell Viability Assessment of Novel Marine-Based Hybrid Peptides from <i>Raja porosa</i>.

Marine drugs·2026
Same author

Surface-Modified Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) in a New Perspective for Prostate Cancer Therapy.

Nanotechnology, science and applications·2026
Same author

The use of pulsed ultrasound with reduced power delivery to degrade the polysaccharide curdlan.

Ultrasonics sonochemistry·2026
Same author

Effect of Application of a Homogeneous Magnetic Field During Chemical Crosslinking of Magnetic Collagen-Based Hydrogels with Genipin on Their Essential Properties.

Polymers·2025
Same author

Beta-cyclodextrin decorated hyaluronic acid-coated SPIONs for improved delivery of temozolomide.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE
11:06

Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE

Published on: October 16, 2017

10.2K

Selenized polysaccharides - Biosynthesis and structural analysis.

Eliza Malinowska1, Marzenna Klimaszewska1, Tomasz Strączek2

  • 1Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|August 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers analyzed selenium-containing polysaccharides, finding selenium is organically bound via glycosidic linkages. This structural insight is crucial for understanding new immunomodulator biosynthesis.

Keywords:
EXAFSLentinula edodesSe-glycosidesSe-polysaccharidesSeleniumXANES

More Related Videos

Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions
13:43

Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions

Published on: June 24, 2013

14.6K
Activation and Conjugation of Soluble Polysaccharides using 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate CDAP
07:20

Activation and Conjugation of Soluble Polysaccharides using 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate CDAP

Published on: June 14, 2021

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE
11:06

Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE

Published on: October 16, 2017

10.2K
Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions
13:43

Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions

Published on: June 24, 2013

14.6K
Activation and Conjugation of Soluble Polysaccharides using 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate CDAP
07:20

Activation and Conjugation of Soluble Polysaccharides using 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate CDAP

Published on: June 14, 2021

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Investigating the biosynthesis of novel immunomodulators.
  • Characterizing selenium-containing polysaccharide-protein fractions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structure of Se-containing polysaccharides.
  • To determine the binding mechanism of selenium within the polysaccharide molecule.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of selenium (Se)-containing polysaccharide-protein fractions.
  • X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), including XANES and EXAFS analysis.
  • Computational analysis using Gaussian 03 software.

Main Results:

  • Isolated proteoglycans with molecular weights of 3.9 × 10^6 Da and 2.6 × 10^5 Da.
  • Confirmed selenium is organically bound in a -II oxidation state.
  • Suggested selenium is linked via glycosidic bonds (β-1,3 or α-1,4) or pyranosidic ring substitution.
  • Predicted structural deformations and loss of hydrogen bonds near selenium atoms.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium is organically integrated into polysaccharide structures through specific glycosidic linkages.
  • Selenium incorporation induces conformational changes in polysaccharides.
  • Findings provide a structural basis for the function of Se-polysaccharides as immunomodulators.