How Sickle Cell Disease Impairs Skeletal Muscle Function: Implications in Daily Life

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Exercise Physiology
• Genetics

Background:

• Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe genetic disorder caused by abnormal hemoglobin S (HbS).
• HbS polymerization leads to red blood cell sickling, hemolysis, anemia, and vasoocclusive crises.
• SCD patients exhibit skeletal muscle remodeling and impaired muscle function, impacting exercise capacity and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on the effects of SCD on skeletal muscle characteristics and function.
• To explore the implications of these changes for patients' quality of life.
• To discuss the potential role of physical activity in managing SCD-related muscle issues.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating skeletal muscle in SCD patients.
• Analysis of research on exercise intolerance and quality of life in SCD.
• Synthesis of findings on the impact of disease on muscle tissue and function.

Main Results:

• SCD is associated with significant skeletal muscle remodeling and reduced functional capacity.
• These muscular changes contribute to exercise intolerance and diminished quality of life.
• Acute high-intensity exercise poses risks, while moderate activity may offer benefits.

Conclusions:

• SCD profoundly impacts skeletal muscle, leading to functional deficits and reduced quality of life.
• Regular moderate-intensity physical activity shows promise for improving skeletal muscle health and overall well-being in SCD patients.
• Further research is needed to optimize exercise interventions for SCD management.