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The associated features of multiple somatic symptom complexes.

Francis Creed1, Barbara Tomenson2, Carolyn Chew-Graham3

  • 1Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Manchester, UK.

Journal of Psychosomatic Research
|August 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Having multiple functional somatic symptom complexes (SSCs) is linked to poorer health outcomes, even after accounting for depression, anxiety, and medical conditions. These findings suggest core features of SSCs may predict future health status.

Keywords:
Chronic fatigueEpidemiologyFibromyalgiaFunctional somatic syndromesMedically unexplained symptomsPopulation based

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • General Practice
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Functional somatic symptom complexes (SSCs) are common and associated with significant disability.
  • Understanding the relationship between multiple SSCs and psychosocial factors is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the predictive value of multiple SSCs on long-term health status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if multiple SSCs are more strongly associated with psychosocial factors than single or no SSCs.
  • To assess the predictive value of multiple SSCs on future health status.
  • To identify core features of SSCs that may explain their impact on health.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based sample was surveyed using standardized questionnaires to identify participants with chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue, and irritable bowel syndrome.
  • Participants were categorized into groups based on the number of SSCs (multiple, single, or none).
  • Ordinal logistic regression and multiple regression analyses were used to adjust for depression, anxiety, and general medical disorders, and to predict health status one year later.

Main Results:

  • 4.4% of participants had two or three SSCs, and 16.2% had a single SSC.
  • While many psychosocial adversities were initially associated with the number of SSCs, significance was often lost after adjustment for depression, anxiety, and medical illness.
  • Somatic symptoms, health anxiety, impairment, and prior doctor visits remained significantly associated with multiple SSCs.
  • Multiple SSCs predicted impaired health status one year later, even after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Depression, anxiety, medical illness, and health anxiety show an exposure-response relationship with the number of SSCs.
  • These factors may be core features of Functional Somatic Syndromes (FSS) and could explain the predictive power of SSCs on health status.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to confirm causal relationships.