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Residential HVAC runtime from smart thermostats: characterization, comparison, and impacts
Marianne F Touchie1,2, Jeffrey A Siegel1,3
1Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Smart thermostats reveal significant variation in home heating and cooling system runtime. This data highlights the importance of individual home factors beyond climate for system performance and filtration effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Building Science
- HVAC Systems
- Smart Home Technology
Background:
- Forced-air systems are prevalent in North American homes for heating and cooling.
- System runtime significantly influences building performance parameters.
- Smart thermostats offer a novel data source for monitoring system operation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the reliability of smart thermostat data for measuring HVAC system runtime.
- To compare smart thermostat-derived runtimes with other measurement methods.
- To analyze the variability in system runtime across different homes.
Main Methods:
- Collected smart thermostat data from over 7000 North American homes.
- Compared smart thermostat runtimes with nine independent investigations.
- Utilized a runtime estimation method based on exterior temperature.
Main Results:
- Smart thermostat data showed a median runtime of 18% across all homes.
- Considerable variation in runtime was observed between homes, even under similar external temperatures.
- Smart thermostat runtimes were consistent with data from other measurement approaches.
Conclusions:
- Factors beyond climate, such as system sizing and user operation, significantly impact HVAC runtime.
- Smart thermostat data provides valuable insights into individual home system performance.
- Understanding runtime is crucial for optimizing central filtration effectiveness.
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