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When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
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CMOS-compatible biosensor for L-carnitine detection.

M S Andrianova1, E V Kuznetsov1, V P Grudtsov1

  • 1Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|August 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A new CMOS-compatible Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistor (ISFET) biosensor was developed for detecting L-carnitine. This optimized sensor demonstrates high sensitivity and potential for real-world sample analysis.

Keywords:
BiosensorCarnitine acetyltransferaseIon-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET)L-carnitineTa(2)O(5)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Development of sensitive and selective biosensors is crucial for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) offer a promising platform for miniaturized chemical and biological sensing.
  • Optimizing ISFET performance for specific analytes requires careful consideration of device structure and operating conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a CMOS-compatible ISFET biosensor for the direct detection of L-carnitine.
  • To optimize the ISFET structure for enhanced sensitivity and reduced subthreshold swing.
  • To evaluate the performance of the biosensor in terms of detection range, limit of detection, and linearity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a CMOS-compatible ISFET utilizing a Tantalum Pentoxide (Ta2O5) sensitive surface.
  • Optimization of the ISFET structure for subthreshold operation and capacitance reduction.
  • Immobilization of carnitine acetyltransferase enzyme onto the ISFET surface.
  • Integration of the ISFET with a microfluidic channel for sample delivery.

Main Results:

  • The developed ISFET biosensor achieved a linear response for L-carnitine detection in the range of 0.2-50 µM.
  • A low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.2 µM was obtained.
  • The biosensor demonstrated a sensitivity of 18.0 ± 1.7 mV/µM.
  • Successful detection of L-carnitine in artificial urine samples confirmed its applicability for real-world analysis.

Conclusions:

  • A novel CMOS-compatible ISFET biosensor for L-carnitine detection has been successfully developed.
  • The optimized ISFET structure and enzyme immobilization strategy enable highly sensitive and selective detection.
  • The developed biosensor shows significant potential for point-of-care diagnostics and monitoring of L-carnitine levels.