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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic Surgery
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Bone drilling during surgery can cause thermal damage.
    • Ultrasonically-assisted drilling (UAD) offers a promising solution to reduce drilling temperatures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of UAD on cortical bone temperature.
    • To compare UAD with conventional drilling (CD) in terms of thermal effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental comparison of bone temperature during UAD and CD.
    • Development of a 3D finite element model (FEM) for UAD simulation.
    • Creation of a predictive model for bone temperature using multiple regression analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Drill diameter was the most influential factor on drilling temperature.
    • Drill rotational speed also significantly affected temperature.
    • Vibration frequency had a greater impact than amplitude on drilling temperature.

    Conclusions:

    • Ultrasonically-assisted drilling effectively lowers bone temperature.
    • UAD helps reduce thermal damage to bone tissue during surgical drilling.