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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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Sound Categories: Category Formation and Evidence-Based Taxonomies.

Oliver Bones1, Trevor J Cox1, William J Davies1

  • 1Acoustics Research Centre, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Psychology
|August 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study developed soundscape taxonomies using participant-generated labels. Findings reveal distinct categorization strategies for different sounds, based on source, subjective states, or acoustic features.

Keywords:
acoustic correlatesarousalcategoriescategory formationeveryday soundssoundscapetaxonomyvalence

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Acoustics
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • The soundscape literature frequently reports everyday sound taxonomies.
  • Understanding how humans categorize sounds is crucial for soundscape research.
  • Existing methods often prescribe categories, limiting naturalistic discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate evidence-based, everyday sound taxonomies using an elicitation method.
  • To investigate the psychological dimensions underlying sound categorization.
  • To identify distinct categorization strategies for different sound types.

Main Methods:

  • An online sorting and category-labeling method was employed with 242 participants.
  • Multidimensional spaces were created using sounds and participant-generated descriptive words.
  • The procedure was repeated for specific sound sources like dogs and engines.

Main Results:

  • Five main soundscape taxonomies were generated: people, nature, manmade, dogs, and engines.
  • Sound categorization strategies varied: source identification (high-level), subjective states (dog sounds), and acoustic features (engine sounds).
  • Valence and arousal correlated with dog sound categorization; fluctuation strength and sharpness with engine sound categorization.

Conclusions:

  • Humans employ distinct, context-dependent strategies for categorizing everyday sounds.
  • Eliciting descriptive words reveals the subjective meaning and psychological dimensions of sound judgments.
  • This research advances our understanding of sound perception and soundscape organization.