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Related Experiment Video

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In Ovo Feeding of Commercial Broiler Eggs: An Accurate and Reproducible Method to Affect Muscle Development and Growth
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Does selection for growth rate in broilers affect their resistance and tolerance to Eimeria maxima?

Panagiotis Sakkas1, Idiegberanoise Oikeh1, Damer P Blake2

  • 1School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.

Veterinary Parasitology
|August 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Fast-growing chickens did not show reduced resistance or tolerance to coccidiosis when fed adequate diets. Eimeria infection negatively impacted growth and nutrient levels in both fast and slow-growing lines, regardless of dose size.

Keywords:
Bone mineralisationBroilerCoccidiosisEimeria maximaGenetic selectionGrowth rateResistanceTolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Parasitology
  • Animal Nutrition

Background:

  • Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) exhibit varied responses to Eimeria parasites, a significant cause of coccidiosis.
  • Broiler chickens selected for rapid growth may have altered immune responses and metabolic efficiency.
  • Understanding host-parasite interactions is crucial for improving poultry health and productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that broilers selected for increased growth rate have lower resistance and tolerance to Eimeria maxima infection.
  • To assess the impact of Eimeria maxima infection on growth, nutrient status, bone mineralization, and gut microbiota in fast-growing versus slow-growing broiler lines.
  • To determine if growth rate selection influences host response to coccidiosis under nutrient-adequate conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Two hundred eighty-eight chickens from fast (F) and slow (S) growing lines were inoculated with Eimeria maxima (0, 2500, or 7000 oocysts).
  • Growth performance (gain, intake) was measured daily relative to body weight.
  • Plasma carotenoids, vitamins A and E, long bone mineralisation, caecal microbiota, nitric oxide metabolites, and parasite genome copies were assessed at acute (d6) and recovery (d13) post-infection stages.

Main Results:

  • Infection significantly reduced daily gain and intake, most pronounced during the acute phase (P < 0.001).
  • Plasma metabolites (carotenoids, vitamins A, E) decreased, while nitric oxide increased (P < 0.001) post-infection.
  • Eimeria infection reduced tibia and femur mineralisation, with parasite DNA persisting to d13 post-infection.
  • No significant differences in infection impact were observed between fast and slow-growing lines, irrespective of dose size.

Conclusions:

  • Line differences in productive performance did not influence host responses to coccidiosis in broiler chickens fed nutrient-adequate diets.
  • Eimeria maxima infection negatively affects growth, nutrient status, and bone health in both fast and slow-growing lines.
  • Further research may explore genetic predispositions to coccidiosis resistance and tolerance in different broiler populations.