Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Location and Orientation of the Heart01:13

Location and Orientation of the Heart

10.4K
The human heart, despite its modest size and weight, is an organ of remarkable strength and endurance. Roughly the size of a fist, the heart weighs between 250 and 350 grams and is nestled within the mediastinum, the medial cavity of the thorax. It extends obliquely for about 12 to 14 cm, resting on the superior surface of the diaphragm. The heart is positioned anterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the sternum, with two-thirds of its mass lying to the left of the midsternal line.
10.4K
What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

129.6K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
129.6K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

9.4K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
9.4K
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

60.0K
Overview
60.0K
Methods of Documentation I: Source-Oriented Records01:18

Methods of Documentation I: Source-Oriented Records

1.7K
Source-oriented records, or SOR, are medical record-keeping organized by the data source. The SOR system was first developed in the mid-1900s to organize the growing patient data in hospitals and other healthcare facilities.
In an SOR, each discipline involved in patient care maintains a separate medical record section. This record-keeping method enables easy tracking of patient progress and ensures healthcare staff have access to up-to-date information.
Key Attributes include the following:
1.7K
Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

45.2K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
45.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Eye metrics often reflect visual conscious awareness, conscious content, and neural processing in cerebral blindness.

Communications biology·2025
Same author

Anticipatory and evoked visual cortical dynamics of voluntary temporal attention.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Arterial Oxygen Desaturation Hinders Gamified Working Memory Performance.

Military medicine·2024
Same author

Brain representations of motion and position in the double-drift illusion.

eLife·2024
Same author

A Unifying Model for Discordant and Concordant Results in Human Neuroimaging Studies of Facial Viewpoint Selectivity.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2024
Same author

Emotion and anxiety interact to bias spatial attention.

Emotion (Washington, D.C.)·2023
Same journal

Restraint of melanoma progression by cells in the local skin environment.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Brawn before bite in endemic Asian eutherian mammals after the end-Cretaceous extinction.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Experimental evolution to thermal stress indicates climate resilience in a cosmopolitan arthropod.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Correlates of protection against African swine fever virus identified by a systems immunology approach.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Retrosplenial cortex enables context-dependent goal-directed sensorimotor transformation.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Direct contact between iPSC-derived macrophages and hepatocytes drives reciprocal acquisition of Kupffer cell identity and hepatocyte maturation.

eLife·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns
09:42

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Published on: May 12, 2019

6.5K

Stimulus vignetting and orientation selectivity in human visual cortex.

Zvi N Roth1, David J Heeger2,3, Elisha P Merriam1

  • 1Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.

Elife
|August 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers found that orientation tuning in the visual cortex might be influenced by vignetting, a second-order luminance change. This phenomenon could explain previous findings on orientation selectivity.

Keywords:
fMRIhumanmultivariate classificationneuroscienceorientationprimary visual cortex

More Related Videos

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
08:42

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Published on: February 8, 2020

11.2K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills
09:27

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills

Published on: January 19, 2024

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns
09:42

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Published on: May 12, 2019

6.5K
Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
08:42

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Published on: February 8, 2020

11.2K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills
09:27

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills

Published on: January 19, 2024

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Neural selectivity to orientation is a fundamental concept in visual neuroscience.
  • Existing research on orientation tuning may be confounded by stimulus artifacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential impact of 'vignetting' on neural responses.
  • To re-evaluate the interpretation of studies on orientation selectivity in the visual cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a computational model of neural responses in primary visual cortex (V1).
  • Simulated V1 responses to assess the effect of vignetting.
  • Validated model predictions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in human participants.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that vignetting can significantly impact simulated V1 responses.
  • Confirmed that stimulus vignetting can account for orientation selectivity in macroscopic visual cortex measurements.
  • Showed that vignetting can wholly determine orientation selectivity.

Conclusions:

  • A significant portion of research on orientation tuning may need reinterpretation due to vignetting.
  • Vignetting is a critical factor to consider in future studies of visual cortex.
  • This finding challenges established models of orientation processing.