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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
SnapShot: Bladder Cancer
Carolyn Hurst1, Jonathan Rosenberg2, Margaret Knowles1
1Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
Abstract:
Bladder cancers, the majority of which are urothelial carcinoma, are the most common urinary tract cancers. There are two major disease types, muscle-invasive and non-muscle-invasive, with distinct pathogenesis pathways, molecular features, and clinical outcomes. Recent genomic and transcriptomic data have significantly improved tumor sub-classification and prognostication for both patient groups and are informing improved approaches to treatment of muscle-invasive disease. To view this SnapShot, open or download the PDF.
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