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Fermentation01:29

Fermentation

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Most eukaryotic organisms require oxygen to survive and function adequately. Such organisms produce large amounts of energy during aerobic respiration by metabolizing glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water. However, most eukaryotes can generate some energy in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic metabolism.
Fermentation is a type of metabolic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, where organic molecules such as glucose are broken down to produce energy. During this process, the...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Microbial Fermentation01:23

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Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
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Preparation of High-Quality Fermented Fish Product
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Solid-State Fermentation as an Economic Production Method of Lipases.

Doddy Denise Ojeda-Hernández1, Ricardo Cosío-Cuadros1, Georgina Sandoval2

  • 1Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) offers an economical method for producing Rhizomucor miehei lipase using agroindustrial waste. The produced lipase effectively catalyzes biodiesel production, demonstrating a sustainable approach.

Keywords:
BiodieselLipasesLow-cost feedstockRhizomucor mieheiSolid-state fermentation

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Industrial Microbiology
  • Biocatalysis

Background:

  • Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a valuable technique for producing industrial biomolecules, especially enzymes.
  • Agroindustrial wastes can serve as cost-effective substrates for SSF, enhancing process economics.
  • Lipases are key enzymes with diverse industrial applications, including biofuel production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a comprehensive SSF method for economical production of Rhizomucor miehei lipase.
  • To evaluate the direct use of the produced lipase as a heterogeneous biocatalyst for biodiesel synthesis.
  • To compare the efficiency of the SSF-derived lipase with a commercial enzyme.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized sugarcane bagasse and used vegetable oil as substrates for SSF.
  • Cultivated Rhizomucor miehei under optimized SSF conditions.
  • Employed the dried fermented solid directly as a heterogeneous biocatalyst for ethanolysis.
  • Assessed ethyl ester conversion rates for biodiesel production.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high ethyl ester conversions (>90% in 24 hours) using the SSF-produced lipase.
  • Demonstrated comparable efficiency to commercial immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase.
  • Validated the direct application of the fermented solid as a biocatalyst.

Conclusions:

  • SSF presents an easy and economical strategy for lipase production.
  • The lipase produced via SSF can be directly utilized as a heterogeneous biocatalyst for biodiesel synthesis.
  • Low-cost feedstocks like agroindustrial wastes are suitable for sustainable lipase production and biodiesel generation.