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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Partially coherent microscope in phase space.

Shalin B Mehta, Colin J R Sheppard

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    |August 16, 2018
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents phase-space representations for partially coherent image wave fields in microscopes. These methods separate system and object details, offering new ways to analyze microscopic images.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical microscopy
    • Image processing
    • Wave optics

    Background:

    • Partially coherent imaging is crucial in microscopy.
    • Phase-space representations offer a comprehensive description of wave fields.
    • Understanding these representations aids in analyzing image formation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To derive explicit phase-space representations for partially coherent image wave fields in microscopes.
    • To separate these representations into system-dependent and object-dependent components.
    • To provide a unified framework for analyzing partially coherent images.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of explicit expressions for mutual intensity, Wigner distribution function, and ambiguity function.
    • Separation of wave field representations into system and object contributions.
    • Utilizing 6D system-dependent kernels derived from Fourier transforms of the system mutual spectrum.

    Main Results:

    • The partially coherent image in phase space is described by 6D kernels.
    • These kernels are related to the system mutual spectrum, pupil overlap, and effective source.
    • Image intensity is expressed via a 4D kernel, linking source properties and pupil Wigner distribution function.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented phase-space framework provides a detailed description of partially coherent imaging in microscopes.
    • This approach facilitates the analysis of image formation by separating system and object influences.
    • The findings offer a deeper understanding of image characteristics in partially coherent microscopy.