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Poor statistical reporting, inadequate data presentation and spin persist despite editorial advice.

Joanna Diong1,2, Annie A Butler2,3, Simon C Gandevia2,3

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Statistical reporting standards in physiology and pharmacology journals did not improve after 2011 editorial advice. Poor data presentation and statistical spin persisted, indicating a need for stronger enforcement of reporting guidelines.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Research

Background:

  • Joint editorials in 2011 by The Journal of Physiology and British Journal of Pharmacology aimed to enhance statistical reporting standards.
  • The impact of this editorial advice on subsequent reporting practices remained unevaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess whether statistical reporting and data presentation practices in key physiology and pharmacology journals improved after the 2011 editorial series.
  • To identify persistent issues in statistical reporting, data visualization, and the use of statistical spin.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analysis of reporting practices was conducted on random samples of papers published before (n=202) and after (n=199) the 2011 editorials.
  • Data collected included methods of summarizing data variability, reporting of p-values, data visualization techniques, and instances of statistical spin.

Main Results:

  • No significant improvement in statistical reporting practices was observed post-editorial publication.
  • High percentages of papers continued to use standard errors of the mean (76-84%) and failed to report exact p-values (90-96%).
  • Inadequate plotting of raw data (2-4%) and interpretation of non-significant p-values as significant (56-63%) were common, alongside persistent statistical spin.

Conclusions:

  • The 2011 editorial series did not lead to measurable improvements in statistical reporting or data presentation in the studied journals.
  • Persistent issues with statistical reporting, data visualization, and spin suggest that current strategies are insufficient.
  • Stronger incentives or enforcement mechanisms are required to improve scientific reporting standards in biomedical research.