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Psychiatric symptoms and related dysfunction in a general population sample.
Lauren Smith1, Abraham Reichenberg1, Jonathan Rabinowitz2
1Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Gustav L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States of America.
Schizophrenia Research. Cognition
|August 17, 2018
Summary
Adults with psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, mania, and depression, show milder cognitive, social, and functional deficits. These findings support a continuum model of mental health conditions in the general population.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Major psychiatric disorders present with core symptoms like psychosis, mania, and depression.
- These disorders are also linked to cognitive, social, and functional impairments.
- Evidence suggests psychiatric disorders exist on a continuum, implying associated deficits may also vary in severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if individuals in the general population with psychiatric symptoms experience milder forms of associated cognitive, social, and functional deficits.
- To test the hypothesis that psychiatric symptoms and related functional outcomes exist on a spectrum.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Study of Resilience and Environmental Adversity in Midlife Health (STREAM).
- Survey responses from 811 individuals were analyzed.
- Compared early academic achievement and self-reported social/functional outcomes between groups with and without psychiatric symptoms (psychosis, mania, depression).
Main Results:
- Adults reporting psychotic symptoms exhibited poorer early academic performance and social/functional outcomes (marital status, income, health) compared to controls.
- Individuals with depressive symptoms showed lower early academic performance, income, and poorer health than controls.
- Those with manic symptoms reported significantly lower marriage rates than controls.
Conclusions:
- Findings support the continuum model of psychiatric disorders, indicating they are dimensional and present in varying degrees across populations.
- Psychiatric symptomatology in the general population is associated with significant impacts on social and functional outcomes.
- Highlights the importance of recognizing milder forms of psychiatric symptoms and their functional consequences.
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