Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum consists of all the types of electromagnetic radiation arranged according to their frequency and wavelength. Each of the various colors of visible light has specific frequencies and wavelengths associated with them, and you can see that visible light makes up only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Because the technologies developed to work in various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are different, for reasons of convenience and historical...

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic waves are categorized according to their wavelengths and frequencies, giving the electromagnetic spectrum. These waves are classified as radio, infrared, ultraviolet, etc. Radio waves refer to electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from millimeters to kilometers. Radio waves are commonly used for audio communications (i.e., radios) and typically result from an alternating current in the wires of a broadcast antenna. They cover a broad wavelength range and are used...

Chemical Equilibria: Redefining Equilibrium Constant

Chemical Equilibria: Redefining Equilibrium Constant

The effect of an inert salt on the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt is known as the salt effect. The degree of the salt effect varies with the ionic strength of the solution, which in turn depends on the activity of the species in the solution. The activity is expressed as the product of concentration and the activity coefficient of the species.
To calculate the equilibrium constants of solutions of moderately high ionic strength, one must account for the salt effect. This redefined...

IR Spectrum

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0%...

Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game

Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game

The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...

Mass Spectrum

Mass Spectrum

A mass spectrum is the graphical representation of the relative abundance of the charged fragments in an analyte plotted against their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The plot's x-axis represents the ratio of the mass of the charged fragment to the number of charges it carries. The y axis of the plot represents the relative abundance of each charged species. The relative abundance is calculated from the signal intensity of each charged species recorded at the detector. The most intense signal (the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The hidden costs of choice: Increased postoperative risks in patient-preference mastectomy for breast cancer.

American journal of surgery·2026

Same author

Age-stratified difference in patient-reported health-related quality of life following breast cancer surgery.

Breast cancer research and treatment·2026

Same author

Leveraging community science to encourage a more inclusive and culturally representative developmental science.

The British journal of developmental psychology·2026

Same author

Mutual Sensitivity Between Caregivers Predicts Infant Affective State During Video Chat.

Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·2026

Same author

In the Living Room and Across the Screen: Intergenerational Play Between Infants and Grandparents.

Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·2026

Same author

Microsystem technologies for accelerating the discovery and translation of immunotherapies.

Nature reviews. Drug discovery·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Accessing the Inaccessible: Redefining Play as a Spectrum.

Jennifer M Zosh¹, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek^2,3, Emily J Hopkins²

¹The Pennsylvania State University Brandywine, Media, PA, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology

|August 18, 2018

Summary

Researchers propose viewing play as a spectrum, from free play to guided play, to better understand its connection to learning. This approach integrates insights from the Science of Learning across various contexts.

Keywords:

children cognitive development games pedagogy play playful learning

More Related Videos

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests

Published on: September 6, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

Education
Developmental Psychology
Cognitive Science

Background:

The concept of
play
has historically been difficult to define and operationalize in research.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a new conceptual framework for understanding play and its relationship to learning.
To integrate insights from the Science of Learning to explain how play supports development.

Main Methods:

Theoretical review of existing literature on play and learning.
Conceptual analysis to propose a spectrum model of play.

Main Results:

Viewing play as a spectrum, from free play to guided play and games, offers a more comprehensive understanding.
This spectrum model reconciles previous research findings and suggests new research directions.

Conclusions:

A spectrum-based conceptualization of play better captures its essence and clarifies its role in learning.
Understanding play through this lens enhances our knowledge of learning across social and academic domains and various age groups.