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    Integrated 1D grating waveguides on silicon-on-insulator offer significant space and loss advantages for true-time delay (TTD) lines. This technology enables wider beam steering angles for phased array antennas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Integrated Optics
    • Antenna Technology

    Background:

    • True-time delay (TTD) lines are crucial for beam steering in phased array antennas.
    • Existing TTD solutions, such as photonic crystal waveguides, face challenges with chip size and propagation loss.
    • Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform offers advantages for integrated photonic devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and design integrated one-dimensional (1D) grating waveguide-based TTD lines on an SOI platform.
    • To optimize the waveguide structure for high time delay and low loss.
    • To demonstrate a beam steering module for phased array antenna applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Optimization of 1D grating waveguide structure for enhanced time delay.
    • Design of a novel step taper for efficient coupling between strip and grating waveguides.
    • Simulation of a 1x4 beam steering module utilizing the proposed TTD lines.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a time delay of 77.23 ps/mm over a broad wavelength tuning range (1540.20 nm to 1558.97 nm).
    • The proposed waveguide occupies 70% less chip area and exhibits lower propagation loss compared to 2D photonic crystal devices.
    • Demonstrated a wide beam steering angle from -67.84° to 67.84° for an X-band phased array antenna.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed 1D grating waveguide TTD lines offer a compact and efficient solution for integrated photonic systems.
    • The novel step taper design ensures high coupling efficiency, facilitating practical device integration.
    • The demonstrated beam steering module shows significant potential for advanced phased array antenna systems.