High precision calibration of optical lattice depth based on multiple pulses Kapitza-Dirac diffraction

Area of Science:

• Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
• Quantum Simulation and Computing
• Precision Measurement Science

Background:

• Precise calibration of optical lattice depth is crucial for ultracold atom experiments.
• Current Raman-Nath diffraction methods have limitations in accuracy and range.
• Existing methods struggle with both shallow and deep optical lattices.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel, highly accurate method for calibrating optical lattice depth.
• To overcome the limitations of existing calibration techniques.
• To enhance the precision of ultracold atom experiments.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing multiple pulses Kapitza-Dirac diffraction.
• Measuring the fully transfer fidelity of the first diffraction order.
• Applying the Back-Propagation Neural Network Algorithm to reduce uncertainty.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated a new calibration method with significantly improved accuracy.
• Achieved calibration uncertainty of less than 0.6% for measured lattice depths.
• The proposed method shows accuracy almost one order of magnitude higher than Raman-Nath diffraction.

Conclusions:

• The Kapitza-Dirac diffraction method provides a highly precise and accurate calibration for optical lattice depth.
• This new technique offers a wide range of validity, suitable for both shallow and deep lattices.
• The method enhances the reliability and precision of ultracold atom experiments.