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Related Concept Videos

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Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction
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Aptamer-based targeted therapy.

Guizhi Zhu1, Xiaoyuan Chen2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|August 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nucleic acid aptamers offer precise targeting for diseases by binding to biomarkers. Aptamer therapeutics and aptamer-drug conjugates show promise for advanced precision medicine applications.

Keywords:
AptamerAptamer-drug conjugateDrug deliveryNucleic acid therapeuticsTargeted immunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Sciences
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Precision medicine leverages genetic and epigenetic information for targeted disease treatment.
  • Proteomic profiles offer accessible molecular targets for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
  • Aptamers, DNA or RNA molecules with specific 3D structures, bind to disease biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in aptamer-based targeted therapy.
  • To discuss challenges and opportunities in aptamer therapeutics and aptamer-drug conjugates (ApDCs).

Main Methods:

  • Aptamers are screened for specific binding to target molecules.
  • Chemical modifications enhance aptamer stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential.
  • Aptamer-drug conjugates (ApDCs) are explored for enhanced drug delivery.

Main Results:

  • Aptamers demonstrate high specificity and affinity for disease biomarkers.
  • Chemically modified aptamers exhibit improved resistance to degradation and optimized pharmacokinetics.
  • Aptamer-based strategies are advancing targeted therapy for various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamers are versatile tools for precision medicine, enabling targeted diagnosis and therapy.
  • Further research into aptamer therapeutics and ApDCs can overcome current challenges.
  • Aptamer technology holds significant potential for developing novel treatments for complex diseases.