Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

10:48
PET and MRI Guided Irradiation of a Glioblastoma Rat Model Using a Micro-irradiator
Published on: December 28, 2017
10.1K
Second Re-irradiation: Clinical Examples of Worthwhile Treatment
Carsten Nieder1, Rosalba Yobuta2, Bård Mannsåker1
1Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, NOR.
Cureus
|August 22, 2018
Summary
Second re-irradiation offers palliative benefits for incurable cancer patients, providing symptom relief without significant late side effects. This repeat radiotherapy option can improve quality of life and prolong independent living.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiation Oncology
- Palliative Care
Background:
- Advanced cancer treatments improve survival but necessitate ongoing symptom management.
- Re-irradiation is a crucial option for palliative care in incurable cancers.
- Limited data exists on the safety and efficacy of second re-irradiation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the outcomes of second re-irradiation in patients with incurable cancer.
- To assess the palliative effects and toxicity of repeat radiotherapy.
- To provide illustrative clinical examples of second re-irradiation.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of a single institution database.
- Identification of patients receiving second re-irradiation with cumulative EQD2 > 90 Gy and survival > 6 months.
- Case examples of sacral bone metastases, recurrent rectal cancer, and pelvic lymph node metastases.
Main Results:
- Second re-irradiation achieved symptomatic responses in treated cases.
- Maximum cumulative EQD2 reached 142 Gy.
- No clinically relevant late side effects were observed.
Conclusions:
- Second re-irradiation can provide significant palliative benefits in select incurable cancer patients.
- It offers a viable option for symptom control without substantial late toxicity.
- This approach may enhance quality of life and prolong independent living for patients with incurable cancer.
Related Concept Videos
Newton's Third Law: Examples
27.2K
Newton's third law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Consider a swimmer pushing off the side of a pool. They push against the wall of the pool with their feet and accelerate in the direction opposite to that of their push. This occurs because the wall exerts an equal and opposite force on the swimmer. Here, the forces do not cancel out each other as they are acting on different systems. In this case, there are two systems: the swimmer and the wall. If we select...
27.2K
Free Body Diagrams: Examples
14.7K
Solving problems that involve forces is easy using free-body diagrams. A free-body diagram is a sketch showing all the external forces that are acting on an object or system. The object or system is represented by a single isolated point (or free body). Only those forces acting on it that originate outside of the object or system—the external forces—are shown. The forces are represented by vectors extending outward from the free body. Imagine a person sitting on a chair. Here, the...
14.7K
Nursing Clinical Information System
1.3K
Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
1.3K
Clinical Trials
10.8K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.8K
Clinical Trials: Overview
5.0K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.0K
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
1.0K
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
1.0K

