ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 198 Summary: Prevention and Management of Obstetric Lacerations at Vaginal Delivery

    Lacerations are common after vaginal birth. Trauma can occur on the cervix, vagina, and vulva, including the labial, periclitoral, and periurethral regions, and the perineum. Most of these lacerations do not result in adverse functional outcomes. Severe perineal lacerations, extending into or through the anal sphincter complex, although less frequent, are more commonly associated with increased risk of pelvic floor injury, fecal and urinary incontinence, pain, and sexual dysfunction with symptoms that may persist or be present many years after giving birth. The purpose of this document is to provide evidence-based guidelines for the prevention, identification, and repair of obstetric lacerations and for episiotomy.

    Related Concept Videos

    Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

    Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

    Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
    The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
    Enhance airway patency
    Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
    3.6K
    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques II01:23

    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques II

    Personality types, particularly Type A and Type B, significantly influence how individuals respond to stress. These personality distinctions are marked by varying levels of ambition, competitiveness, and coping styles, all of which shape an individual's resilience to stressors.
    Type A Personality: Driven and Easily Stressed
    Individuals with Type A personalities are often highly competitive and ambitious and operate with a strong sense of urgency. Commonly labeled as...
    534
    5-Number Summary01:04

    5-Number Summary

    In a dataset, the 5-number summary includes the minimum data value, the data value of the first quartile, the median data value or data value of the second quartile, the data value of the third quartile, and the maximum data value. These 5 data values can be visualized as a box and whisker plot.
    In a box plot, the minimum and maximum data values represent the lower and upper whiskers in the graph, and the median is designated as the center of the box in the chart. The first quartile and third...
    5.7K
    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques I01:26

    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques I

    Stress prevention and management are crucial for maintaining well-being and building resilience. Techniques to manage stress include cultivating qualities like conscientiousness, a sense of personal control, and self-efficacy. Each of these traits significantly reduces stress and promotes healthier lifestyle choices and outcomes.
    Conscientiousness
    Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...
    338
    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques V01:28

    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques V

    A social support system is a structured network of personal relationships that provides assistance to individuals facing various challenges, offering a buffer against psychological and physical stressors. This network may consist of family members, friends, neighbors, colleagues, or other community members who provide resources and companionship. Social support can take many forms, including advice, emotional comfort, practical help, and companionship. Research indicates that these networks can...
    293
    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI01:30

    Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI

    Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
    Motivation and Self-Determination
    Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
    282