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Polyamorphism and liquid-liquid transformations in D-mannitol.

W Tang1, J H Perepezko1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1509 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

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|August 24, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

D-mannitol exhibits polyamorphism, transitioning between two amorphous states (GN and GX). Phase GX is a more kinetically stable glass, and its transformation to GN can be induced by stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Amorphous Materials

Background:

  • Polyamorphism, the ability of a substance to exist in multiple amorphous forms, is a key phenomenon in materials science.
  • Understanding the transitions between different amorphous states is crucial for predicting material behavior and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the polyamorphism of D-mannitol between its normal melt-quenched glass (GN) and amorphous Phase X (GX).
  • To characterize the thermal transitions and stability of these amorphous phases using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Main Methods:

  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at various scanning rates.
  • Interrupted thermal cycles.
  • Flash DSC for precise annealing condition identification.

Main Results:

  • The glass transition temperature (Tg) of GN increases with annealing, while Tg of GX remains stable, indicating GX is kinetically more stable.
  • A liquid-liquid transition was identified between the supercooled liquid states of GN (SCL-1) and GX (SCL-2).
  • Temperature-Time-Transformation (TTT) plots revealed thermally activated behavior for amorphous-amorphous and amorphous-crystalline transitions.

Conclusions:

  • D-mannitol displays polyamorphism with distinct amorphous phases (GN and GX) exhibiting different kinetic stabilities.
  • The study identified a liquid-liquid transition and characterized the transformation kinetics between amorphous and crystalline states.
  • Applied stress can induce an irreversible transformation of the higher-density GX phase back to the GN phase.