Recurrent hepatoma with CT, MRI, and angiographic correlation

Area of Science:

• Hepatobiliary Surgery
• Oncology
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or hepatoma, is a primary liver cancer.
• Surgical resection is a curative option for select patients with non-cirrhotic livers.
• Late recurrence of hepatoma can occur even after successful resection.

Observation:

• Two patients with uninodular hepatomas in non-cirrhotic livers experienced late recurrences post-resection.
• Extensive imaging, including CT, MRI, and angiography, was performed prior to initial treatment.
• Despite thorough pre-treatment imaging, recurrences were detected later.

Findings:

• Periodic surveillance is crucial for detecting late recurrences of hepatoma.
• Combining alphafetoprotein (AFP) assay with periodic ultrasonography is recommended for post-resection surveillance.
• Advanced imaging modalities may be necessary for further characterization if recurrence is suspected.

Implications:

• This highlights the importance of long-term follow-up protocols for hepatoma resection patients.
• Early detection through recommended surveillance can improve outcomes for recurrent liver cancer.
• Tailored follow-up strategies, including imaging and biomarkers, are essential in hepatoma management.