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ISOZYMATIC VARIATION IN GUATEMALAN RACES OF MAIZE.

P K Bretting1, M M Goodman1, C W Stuber2,3

  • 1Departments of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695.

American Journal of Botany
|August 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Isozyme analysis reveals altitude significantly shapes maize genetic diversity in Guatemala. Highland maize races show greater diversity and are closely related to Mexican highland varieties.

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Area of Science:

  • * Genetics
  • * Botany
  • * Agricultural Science

Background:

  • * Understanding the genetic diversity and systematic relationships of maize (Zea mays L.) is crucial for crop improvement and conservation.
  • * Previous studies have explored isozymatic variation in maize from Mexico and Bolivia, highlighting altitude's influence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To elucidate the systematic relationships among 19 Guatemalan maize races and subraces using isozymatic data.
  • * To investigate the association between isozymatic variation and environmental factors, particularly altitude.

Main Methods:

  • * Numerical taxonomic analyses were performed on isozymatic data from 67 Guatemalan maize collections.
  • * Phenetic and phylogenetic analyses were employed to assess genetic variation and relationships.

Main Results:

  • * Isozymatic variation in Guatemalan maize was strongly correlated with altitude, with lowland and highland races showing distinct genetic profiles.
  • * Highland maize races exhibited greater genetic diversity and were less differentiated from Mexican highland races.
  • * Two middle-elevation races presented taxonomic challenges.

Conclusions:

  • * Altitude is a significant factor driving isozymatic divergence in Guatemalan maize races.
  • * Distinct evolutionary pathways, influenced by indigenous cultivation practices and selective pressures, have shaped regional maize diversity in Mexico, Guatemala, and Bolivia.