A new coccolith modified electrode-based biosensor using a cognate pair of aptamers with sandwich-type binding

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes diagnosis relies on accurate biomarker detection.
• Electrochemical biosensors offer sensitive and specific detection methods.
• Novel electrode materials can enhance biosensor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel aptamer-based sandwich-type electrochemical biosensor for Vaspin detection.
• To utilize coccolith-modified screen-printed gold electrodes (CME-SPGE) for enhanced sensing.
• To investigate the performance of the developed biosensor for type 2 diabetes biomarker detection.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of CME-SPGE using coccoliths from E. huxleyi, followed by gold sputtering and electrodeposition.
• Development of a sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensor using a cognate pair of aptamers on the CME-SPGE.
• Characterization of electrode morphology and electrochemical properties using SEM, EDAX, cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry.

Main Results:

• Successful fabrication of CME-SPGE and the sandwich-type aptasensor.
• The biosensor demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity for Vaspin detection.
• Achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 298 pM with a widened linear range.

Conclusions:

• The developed aptasensor represents a novel approach for Vaspin detection, leveraging coccolith microparticles and cognate aptamers.
• This study highlights the potential of using biomineral microparticles for creating advanced electrochemical aptasensor platforms.
• The findings pave the way for innovative designs in sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensors for disease biomarker detection.