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Updated: Feb 6, 2026
11:38
Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
Published on: February 27, 2017
19.1K
Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated Through CsCl-Enhanced PbI2 Precursor via Sequential Deposition
Qi Li1,2,3, Yicheng Zhao1,2, Rui Fu1,2
1State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 25, 2018
Summary
Adding cesium chloride (CsCl) to lead iodide (PbI2) precursors improves perovskite solar cell performance and stability. This method enhances grain size and boosts power conversion efficiency (PCE) for CsCl-treated devices.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Photovoltaics
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- High-quality perovskite film fabrication is crucial for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
- Sequential deposition of mixed-cation-halide perovskites (e.g., MA0.03FA0.97Pb(I0.97Br0.03)3) has yielded record power conversion efficiencies (PCEs).
- Incorporating inorganic cations like cesium and reducing grain boundaries can further enhance PSC performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of cesium chloride (CsCl) addition to lead iodide (PbI2) precursor solutions on perovskite film properties and solar cell performance.
- To understand the mechanism behind CsCl-induced improvements in grain growth and device efficiency.
- To evaluate the impact of CsCl on the operational stability of perovskite solar cells.
Main Methods:
- Sequential deposition of perovskite films with and without CsCl additives in the PbI2 precursor.
- Introduction of CsCl into the PbI2 precursor solution.
- In situ confocal photoluminescence imaging to study nucleation and grain growth.
- Fabrication and characterization of perovskite solar cell devices.
- Long-term stability testing under 1-sun illumination.
Main Results:
- CsCl incorporation into PbI2 films led to enlarged crystal grains in the resulting perovskite films.
- The enlarged grains were attributed to a slower nucleation process for CsCl-containing PbI2 films.
- Photovoltaic devices using CsCl-treated films achieved a higher average PCE of 21.3% compared to 20.3% for control devices.
- Devices with CsCl additives demonstrated improved stability, retaining over 90% of their initial PCE after 4000 minutes of continuous operation.
Conclusions:
- Cesium chloride is an effective additive for improving the sequential deposition of mixed-cation-halide perovskite films.
- The addition of CsCl enhances grain size and photovoltaic performance, alongside significantly improving device operational stability.
- This approach offers a promising route for developing high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells.
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