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A Novel Human Epithelial Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Neurodevelopmental Outcome

Ira Adams-Chapman1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|August 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Necrotizing enterocolitis, a serious complication in premature infants, elevates the risk of neurodevelopmental issues. This condition is linked to central nervous system injury, white matter damage, and infections.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in premature infants.
  • NEC is associated with significant risks of neurodevelopmental impairments.
  • The pathogenesis involves complex interactions between prematurity, inflammation, and gut injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the intricate relationship between NEC and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature infants.
  • To identify key factors contributing to central nervous system (CNS) injury in NEC patients.
  • To understand the role of cytokines and secondary infections in NEC-related brain injury.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on NEC and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to CNS injury in affected infants.
  • Examination of the impact of cytokines and bloodstream infections.

Main Results:

  • Prematurity is a primary risk factor for NEC.
  • Infants with NEC experience increased exposure to circulating cytokines linked to white matter injury.
  • Secondary bloodstream infections and nutritional compromise are common in NEC patients, exacerbating risks.

Conclusions:

  • NEC presents a multifaceted threat to neurodevelopment in premature infants.
  • Cytokine-mediated inflammation and secondary complications significantly contribute to CNS injury.
  • Early recognition and management of NEC are crucial for mitigating long-term neurodevelopmental deficits.

Keywords:
Follow-upNecrotizing enterocolitisNeurodevelopmentSepsis

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