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The Impact of Prematurity on Social and Emotional Development

Angela Leon Hernandez1

  • 1Neonatology Division, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30030, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|August 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Premature birth frequently leads to behavioral and emotional problems in children, impacting development and requiring better detection and treatment strategies. This review explores mechanisms and support for affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Behavioral and emotional problems are common in children born prematurely.
  • These issues significantly affect academic, social, and family functioning.
  • Early detection and treatment are currently limited, posing a challenge for at-risk populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms linking premature birth to social and emotional developmental challenges.
  • To discuss potential strategies for supporting the social and emotional development of premature infants.
  • To highlight the need for improved interventions for this vulnerable group.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on premature birth and child development.
  • Analysis of studies examining the impact of prematurity on social-emotional outcomes.
  • Synthesis of evidence on intervention strategies for affected children.

Main Results:

  • Premature birth can disrupt neurodevelopmental pathways crucial for social and emotional regulation.
  • Specific challenges include difficulties with emotional regulation, social interaction, and behavioral control.
  • Various factors, including the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment and early life experiences, play a role.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the mechanisms of developmental impact is key to effective intervention.
  • Early and targeted support strategies are essential for mitigating long-term social and emotional deficits.
  • Further research and clinical practice are needed to improve outcomes for children born prematurely.

Keywords:
Preterm birthScreening and treatmentSocial and emotional development

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