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Molecular monolayers with azobenzene undergo slow, seconds-long reconfiguration. This transformation, driven by UV light, proceeds via nucleation and growth of nanoscale cis-isomer regions, offering insights into dynamic interface control.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Molecular monolayers offer tunable interfaces with applications in electronics and energy storage.
  • Azobenzene-containing monolayers possess multiple stable conformations, but their reconfiguration mechanisms at the nanoscale are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fundamental mechanisms and kinetics of azobenzene monolayer reconfiguration.
  • To understand how external stimuli like UV light influence the molecular conformational changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized time-resolved X-ray reflectivity studies.
  • Investigated a densely packed rhenium-azobenzene monolayer.

Main Results:

  • Observed that monolayer reconfiguration from trans to cis forms occurs over many seconds.
  • Determined that the degree of reconfiguration is dependent on the integrated UV fluence.
  • Identified that the transformation kinetics are consistent with a nucleation and growth mechanism of nanoscale cis-isomer regions.

Conclusions:

  • The reconfiguration of azobenzene monolayers is a slow process governed by nanoscale nucleation and growth.
  • UV fluence dictates the extent of trans-to-cis isomerization.
  • This study provides critical insights into controlling dynamic interface properties for advanced applications.