Cognitive Style and Frame Susceptibility in Decision-Making.
David R Mandel1,2, Irina V Kapler2
1Intelligence Group, Intelligence, Influence and Collaboration Section, Defence Research and Development Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Frontiers in Psychology
|August 28, 2018
Summary
Cognitive style does not significantly predict susceptibility to framing effects in decision-making. Framing itself, particularly positive framing, was the only significant factor influencing choices, suggesting risk aversion plays a key role.
Area of Science:
- Decision Science
- Cognitive Psychology
- Behavioral Economics
Background:
- Decision-making susceptibility to framing is often linked to cognitive style differences.
- Individuals with deliberate thinking styles are hypothesized to be less prone to framing manipulations.
- Previous research yielded small effects and methodological limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the predictive value of various cognitive style measures on framing susceptibility.
- To examine if cognitive reflection, numeracy, and other styles influence frame-consistent choices.
- To test the hypothesis that cognitive style mitigates framing effects.
Main Methods:
- Two experiments utilized an Asian Disease Problem isomorph with between-participant frame manipulation.
- Cognitive style variables measured included cognitive reflection, subjective numeracy, actively open-minded thinking, need for cognition, and hemispheric dominance.
- Participant sex, age, and option presentation order were controlled.
Main Results:
- No cognitive style measures significantly predicted frame-consistent choices in either experiment.
- Framing was the sole significant predictor, with positive frames leading to more consistent choices.
- Results held for both binary choices and weighted preferences, indicating robust findings.
Conclusions:
- Individual differences in cognitive style do not substantially account for susceptibility to framing manipulations.
- Framing effects appear to be driven by factors beyond individual cognitive styles, such as risk aversion.
- The findings challenge the prevailing view linking cognitive style to framing susceptibility.
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